出埃及记——第二十九章

约拿

出埃及记第二十九章： 29:1 你使亚伦和他儿子成圣，给我供祭司的职分，要如此行：取一只公牛犊，两只无残疾的公绵羊， 29:2 无酵饼和调油的无酵饼，与抹油的无酵薄饼，这都要用细麦面做成。 29:3 这饼要装在一个筐子里，连筐子带来，又把公牛和两只公绵羊牵来。 29:4 要使亚伦和他儿子到会幕门口来，用水洗身。 29:5 要给亚伦穿上内袍和以弗得的外袍，并以弗得，又带上胸牌，束上以弗得巧工织的带子， 29:6 把冠冕戴在他头上，将圣冠加在冠冕上。 29:7 就把膏油倒在他头上膏他。 29:8 要叫他的儿子来，给他们穿上内袍。 29:9 给亚伦和他儿子束上腰带，包上裹头巾，他们就凭永远的定例得了祭司的职任；又要将亚伦和他儿子分别为圣。 29:10 你要把公牛牵到会幕前，亚伦和他儿子要按手在公牛的头上。 29:11 你要在耶和华面前，在会幕门口，宰这公牛。 29:12 要取些公牛的血，用指头抹在坛的四角上，把血都倒在坛脚那里。 29:13 要把一切盖脏的脂油与肝上的网子，并两个腰子和腰子上的脂油，都烧在坛上。 29:14 只是公牛的皮、肉、粪都要用火烧在营外；这牛是赎罪祭。 29:15 你要牵一只公绵羊来，亚伦和他儿子要按手在这羊的头上。 29:16 要宰这羊，把血洒在坛的周围。 29:17 要把羊切成块子，洗净五脏和腿，连块子带头，都放在一处。 29:18 要把全羊烧在坛上，是给耶和华献的燔祭，是献给耶和华为馨香的火祭。 29:19 你要将那一只公绵羊牵来，亚伦和他儿子要按手在羊的头上。 29:20 你要宰这羊，取点血抹在亚伦的右耳垂上和他儿子的右耳垂上，又抹在他们右手的大拇指上和右脚的大拇指上，并要把血洒在坛的四围。 29:21 你要取点膏油和坛上的血，弹在亚伦和他的衣服上，并他儿子和他儿子的衣服上，他们和他们的衣服就一同成圣。 29:22 你要取这羊的脂油和肥尾巴，并盖脏的脂油与肝上的网子，两个腰子和腰子上的脂油并右腿（这是承接圣职所献的羊）。 29:23 再从耶和华面前装无酵饼的筐子中取一个饼、一个调油的饼和一个薄饼， 29:24 都放在亚伦的手上和他儿子的手上，作为摇祭，在耶和华面前摇一摇。 29:25 要从他们手中接过来，烧在耶和华面前坛上的燔祭上，是献给耶和华为馨香的火祭。 29:26 你要取亚伦承接圣职所献公羊的胸，作为摇祭，在耶和华面前摇一摇，这就可以作你的分。 29:27 那摇祭的胸和举祭的腿，就是承接圣职所摇的、所举的，是归亚伦和他儿子的。这些你都要成为圣， 29:28 作亚伦和他子孙从以色列人中永远所得的分，因为是举祭。这要从以色列人的平安祭中，作为献给耶和华的举祭。 29:29 亚伦的圣衣要留给他的子孙，可以穿着受膏，又穿着承接圣职。 29:30 他的子孙接续他当祭司的，每逢进会幕在圣所供职的时候，要穿七天。 29:31 你要将承接圣职所献公羊的肉煮在圣处。 29:32 亚伦和他儿子要在会幕门口吃这羊的肉和筐内的饼。 29:33 他们吃那些赎罪之物，好承接圣职，使他们成圣；只是外人不可吃，因为这是圣物。 29:34 那承接圣职所献的肉或饼，若有一点留到早晨，就要用火烧了，不可吃这物，因为是圣物。 29:35 你要这样照我一切所吩咐的，向亚伦和他儿子行承接圣职的礼七天。 29:36 每天要献公牛一只为赎罪祭。你洁净坛的时候，坛就洁净了，且要用膏抹坛使坛成圣。 29:37 要洁净坛七天，使坛成圣，坛就成为至圣。凡挨着坛的都成为圣。 29:38 你每天所要献在坛上的，就是两只一岁的羊羔， 29:39 早晨要献这一只，黄昏的时候要献那一只。 29:40 和这一只羊羔同献的，要用细面伊法十分之一与捣成的油一欣四分之一调和，又用酒一欣四分之一作为奠祭。 29:41 那一只羊羔要在黄昏的时候献上，照着早晨的素祭和奠祭的礼办理，作为献给耶和华馨香的火祭。 29:42 这要在耶和华面前、会幕门口，作你世世代代常献的燔祭。我要在那里与你们相会，和你们说话。 29:43 我要在那里与以色列人相会，会幕就要因我的荣耀成为圣。 29:44 我要使会幕和坛成圣，也要使亚伦和他的儿子成圣，给我供祭司的职分。 29:45 我要住在以色列人中间，作他们的　神。 29:46 他们必知道我是耶和华他们的　神，是将他们从埃及地领出来的，为要住在他们中间。我是耶和华他们的　神。

约拿

2．使祭祝圣（二九）

　　二九1～9 神任命亚伦和他儿子作大祭司。此后，只有祭司家族的人才能当祭司。在今天的教会，只有重生的人方可当祭司。由人任命祭司纯粹是人的罔断。

　　这里描述的礼仪在利未记第八章也有提及。祭司祝圣，就如洁净麻风病人的一样（利一四章）。二者都是以祭牲的血洒在身上，表示罪人在亲近神之先，必须先赎罪。神应许如果由祭司为百姓献上某些祭物，他就赦免其罪。神藉着历代的祭司和他们的工作，预备全人类迎接耶稣基督的来临。我们藉着旧约的这种制度，就更明白主基督为我们所做的大事，实在意义深远（参来十1-14）。

　　第1至3节讲述献祭的材料，下文会更详细提及其用途。祭司祝圣的第一步是使亚伦和他儿子到会幕门口，用水洗身（4节）。第二，亚伦穿上袍子，正如上一章所述（5～6节）。然后用油膏他（7节）。接着给他儿子穿上祭司的内袍（8～9节）。

　　二九10～21 事后献上三个祭：献公牛作赎罪祭（10～14节）；献公绵羊作燔祭（15～18节）；献另一只公绵羊使成圣（19～21节）。按手在祭牲的头上代表与它同证，表示牲畜替代献祭的人死（l0节）。血当然预表基督的血，他流血为叫罪得赦。脂油是牲畜上等的部分，所以献给耶和华（13节）。第一只公绵羊完全烧在坛上（15～18节）表示基督对神全然的献身，把自己完全献给神。第二只公绵羊的血（使成圣的公绵羊）抹在亚伦的右耳垂和他儿子的右耳垂上；又抹在他们右手的大拇指上和右脚的大拇趾上（20节），并弹在他们的衣服上（21节）。这是指人生命中的每一个范畴都要除去罪污——耳朵代表听从神的话，手代表行为或事奉，脚代表行径或举指。用血弹在祭司华美的衣服上似乎很奇怪；赎罪的血在人眼中并不吸引，但在神眼中却绝对必然。

　　二九22～34 摩西按神吩咐把祭物放在祭司手中，授权给他们去献祭（22～28节）。第一次献祭（22～25节）要在耶和华面前摇一摇祭物，然后烧在耶和华面前坛上的幡祭上。公羊的胸要在耶和华面前摇一摇，也许是向横摇，肩头或腿要在耶和华面前用力举起，可见必是垂直摇。这两个部分要给祭司作食物（26～28节）。摇胸代表神对我们的爱，举肩代表他为我们施展大能。亚伦的圣衣成为他的子孙的财物，因为祭司的职位是父传子的（29～30节）。第31至34节描述祭司的食物和预备方法。

　　二九35～46 圣职的礼持续七天，每天重覆献祭，坛用血清洗，用油膏抹（35～37节）。此后，祭司得献两只一岁的羊羔在坛上作燔祭——每天的早晨献一只，黄昏的时候献另一只（38～42节）。神应许在会募与以色列百姓相会，住在他们中间，作他们的神（43～46节）

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Exodus 29 Consecration of the Priests 1"(A)Now this is what you shall do to them to consecrate them to minister as priests to Me: take one young bull and two rams without blemish, 2and (B)unleavened bread and unleavened cakes mixed with oil, and unleavened wafers spread with oil; you shall make them of fine wheat flour. 3"You shall put them in one basket, and present them in the basket along with the bull and the two rams. 4"Then (C)you shall bring Aaron and his sons to the doorway of the tent of meeting and wash them with water. 5"You shall take the garments, and put on Aaron the (D)tunic and (E)the robe of the ephod and (F)the ephod and (G)the breastpiece, and gird him with the skillfully (H)woven band of the ephod; 6and you shall set the (I)turban on his head and put (J)the holy crown on the turban. 7"Then you shall take (K)the anointing oil and pour it on his head and anoint him. 8"You shall bring his sons and put (L)tunics on them. 9"You shall gird them with (M)sashes, Aaron and his sons, and bind caps on them, and they shall have (N)the priesthood by a perpetual statute So you shall (O)ordain Aaron and his sons. The Sacrifices 10"Then you shall bring the bull before the tent of meeting, and Aaron and his sons shall (P)lay their hands on the head of the bull. 11"You shall slaughter the bull before the LORD at the doorway of the tent of meeting. 12"You shall (Q)take some of the blood of the bull and put it on (R)the horns of the altar with your finger; and you shall pour out all the blood at the base of the altar. 13"You shall (S)take all the fat that covers the entrails and the lobe of the liver, and the two kidneys and the fat that is on them, and offer them up in smoke on the altar. 14"But (T)the flesh of the bull and its hide and its refuse, you shall burn with fire outside the camp; it is a sin offering. 15"(U)You shall also take the one ram, and Aaron and his sons shall lay their hands on the head of the ram; 16and you shall slaughter the ram and shall take its blood and sprinkle it around on the altar. 17"Then you shall cut the ram into its pieces, and wash its entrails and its legs, and put them with its pieces and its head. 18"You shall offer up in smoke the whole ram on the altar; it is a burnt offering to the LORD: (V)it is a soothing aroma, an offering by fire to the LORD. 19"Then (W)you shall take the other ram, and Aaron and his sons shall lay their hands on the head of the ram. 20"You shall slaughter the ram, and take some of its blood and put it on the lobe of Aaron's right ear and on the lobes of his sons' right ears and on the thumbs of their right hands and on the big toes of their right feet, and sprinkle the rest of the blood around on the altar. 21"Then you shall take some of the blood that is on the altar and some of the (X)anointing oil, and sprinkle it on Aaron and on his garments and on his sons and on his sons' garments with him; so he and his garments shall be consecrated, as well as his sons and his sons' garments with him. 22"You shall also take the fat from the ram and the fat tail, and the fat that covers the entrails and the lobe of the liver, and the two kidneys and the fat that is on them and the right thigh (for it is a ram of ordination), 23and one cake of bread and (Y)one cake of bread mixed with oil and one wafer from the basket of unleavened bread which is set before the LORD; 24and you shall put all these in the hands of Aaron and in the hands of his sons, and shall wave them as a wave offering before the LORD. 25"(Z)You shall take them from their hands, and offer them up in smoke on the altar on the burnt offering for a soothing aroma before the LORD; it is an offering by fire to the LORD. 26"Then you shall take (AA)the breast of Aaron's ram of ordination, and wave it as a wave offering before the LORD; and it shall be your portion. 27"You shall consecrate the breast of the wave offering and the thigh of the heave offering which was waved and which was offered from the ram of ordination, from the one which was for Aaron and from the one which was for his sons. 28"It shall be for Aaron and his sons as their portion forever from the sons of Israel, for it is a heave offering; and it shall be a heave offering from the sons of Israel from the sacrifices of their peace offerings, even their heave offering to the LORD. 29"(AB)The holy garments of Aaron shall be for his sons after him, that in them they may be anointed and ordained. 30"For seven days the one of his sons who is priest in his stead shall put them on when he enters the tent of meeting to minister in the holy place. Food of the Priests 31"You shall take the ram of ordination and (AC)boil its flesh in a holy place. 32"Aaron and his sons shall eat the flesh of the ram and the bread that is in the basket, at the doorway of the tent of meeting. 33"Thus (AD)they shall eat those things by which atonement was made at their ordination and consecration; but a (AE)layman shall not eat them, because they are holy. 34"(AF)If any of the flesh of ordination or any of the bread remains until morning, then you shall burn the remainder with fire; it shall not be eaten, because it is holy. 35"Thus you shall do to Aaron and to his sons, according to all that I have commanded you; you shall ordain them through (AG)seven days. 36"(AH)Each day you shall offer a bull as a sin offering for atonement, and you shall purify the altar when you make atonement for it, and (AI)you shall anoint it to consecrate it. 37"For seven days you shall make atonement for the altar and consecrate it; then (AJ)the altar shall be most holy, and whatever touches the altar shall be holy. 38"Now (AK)this is what you shall offer on the altar: two one year old lambs each day, continuously. 39"The (AL)one lamb you shall offer in the morning and the other lamb you shall offer at twilight; 40and there shall be one-tenth of an ephah of fine flour mixed with one-fourth of a hin of beaten oil, and one-fourth of a hin of wine for a drink offering with one lamb. 41"The other lamb you shall offer at twilight, and shall offer with it the same grain offering and the same drink offering as in the morning, for a soothing aroma, an offering by fire to the LORD. 42"It shall be a continual burnt offering throughout your generations at the doorway of the tent of meeting before the LORD, (AM)where I will meet with you, to speak to you there. 43"I will meet there with the sons of Israel, and it shall be consecrated by My glory. 44"I will consecrate the tent of meeting and the altar; I will also consecrate Aaron and his sons to minister as priests to Me. 45"(AN)I will dwell among the sons of Israel and will be their God. 46"They shall know that (AO)I am the LORD their God who brought them out of the land of Egypt, that I might dwell among them; I am the LORD their God.