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发表于 2010-10-31 02:48
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SIN - to miss the mark
The old fashioned word 'sin' makes a lot of people uncomfortable, but it's a simple word with a surprisingly interesting meaning.
The English word is a term from archery; it's presence in the pages of the Bible is due to the extreme accuracy of the 16th century translator, William Tyndale. He chose precisely the correct English word to translate the original Hebrew.
翻译如下:
罪-"未打中靶"
古老风格的"罪"让许多人不舒服,但这个简单词有一个惊人有趣的含义.这个英语词出自箭术用语;它能出现在圣经中归因于16 世纪的翻译家威廉.丁达尔非常准确的应用.他精确地选用了正确的英语词汇来翻译希伯来原文.
We find the underlying sense of the word in this verse from the early days of the nation of Israel.
Judges 20:16 [King James Version]
Among all this people there were seven hundred chosen
men lefthanded; every one could sling stones at an
hairbreadth, and not miss.
The word 'miss' in that verse is 'chata' - 'to sin, to miss the mark'. William Tyndale actually used the word 'sin' in his version .
The formal definition of the word 'sin' when it is used in its 'wrongdoing' sense is given by John in one of his letters...
1 John 3:4-5 [New International Version]
Everyone who sins breaks the law; in fact, sin is lawlessness.
...but it's important to realize that this isn't a pompous religious word. In mediaeval England all adult males were required to practice archery as often as free time allowed. Football was banned because it interfered with the king's ability to raise armies of deadly accurate bowmen. So everyone who read Master Tyndale's magnificent translation knew precisely what the Bible meant when it warned against sin - failing to hit the target - and the target was God's law.
Interestingly John goes on in verse 5...
But you know that he appeared so that he might take away our sins.
And in him is no sin.
He's writing of Jesus, and he doesn't just say that Jesus didn't break the Law, but that he never missed the mark that God set.
What we're trying to show you is that the Bible is written in plain language and tells us understandable things about God and our relationship with him. The decision to use the word 'miss' in that verse from Judges, when the King James Version was published almost 80 years after Tyndale, wasn't taken because English had changed and a different word was needed; it was because using so plain a word as sin, which everyone who spoke English understood, would suggest to the common people that there was a target to be hit that common men could comprehend. The rulers and high churchmen were not willing to give up the peoples' slavish dependence on them that they had built-up over hundreds of years, so they changed the word from 'sin' to 'miss' and hid the simplicity of the message away.
The Bible really is written in everyday language, so we can all understand its message and aim at the mark that God sets for us in its pages.
评论:
希伯来文罪(chata),希腊文罪(harmatia),英文罪(sin)全部出自箭术用语.
希伯来文罪(chata):miss the mark,"未打中靶",或译"错失","偏失"或"不中"。
希腊文罪(harmatia)(miss the right mark,hit the wrong mark),即"错失正确的靶,错中错误的靶",可简译"错中",因为"错中错误的靶"已隐含"错失正确的靶"的意味.
可见即使在当代中国射箭场,或当代中国人民所熟悉的奥林匹克运动场的射箭项目上看,"偏失"是非常容易理解和接受的.所以把希伯来文罪(chata),希腊文罪(harmatia)译为"偏"也是一个很好的选择.由"偏"字展开中文圣经的宏图画卷,比用"罪"更接近希伯来文罪(chata),希腊文罪(harmatia)原义和起源行式,也符合若有争议,以希伯来文,希腊文版本为准的原则,全面考虑,谁最接近,谁最优先的原则.
景教先僧好像对当年中原各路英雄豪杰的箭术不欣赏,或视而不见,视神的既定表达行式于不顾,自创景教特色的"罪",流传于世,难怪不信者不明白.把运动场的用语改为刑场用语,不信者产生"罪"的抵抗都不出奇了.不射中十环都是罪,即使奥运会冠军也做不到,全是罪人,这样称呼在无论古汉语还是现代汉语都显得有点不易理解,特别是初接触圣经及不信和未信的人.个人愚见罪的翻译还是在箭术用语:miss the mark,即箭术这个领域,"未打中靶"这个意思上求神给予启示与以翻译,才比较准确,才可以与希伯来文罪(chata),希腊文罪(harmatia)在选词起源上保持一致.想当年William Tyndale威廉.丁达尔SIN的应用实在令人钦佩,他不折不扣地按希伯来文罪(chata),希腊文罪(harmatia)的选词格式,毅然决然地走向射箭场,去求神指引,求神保守,最终选出受神喜乐的"SIN"字.流芳千古.
这种全心全意顺服神的精神,实在值得我们学习.
参考书目:
原文链接:http://www.ipswichchristadelphia ... view&id=6&Itemid=31
[此贴子已经被作者于2010-11-13 10:19:54编辑过]
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