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出埃及记——第三十二章

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发表于 2005-3-28 15:24 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
出埃及记第三十二章: 32:1 百姓见摩西迟延不下山,就大家聚集到亚伦那里,对他说:“起来!为我们做神像,可以在我们前面引路,因为领我们出埃及地的那个摩西,我们不知道他遭了什么事。” 32:2 亚伦对他们说:“你们去摘下你们妻子、儿女耳上的金环,拿来给我。” 32:3 百姓就都摘下他们耳上的金环,拿来给亚伦。 32:4 亚伦从他们手里接过来,铸了一只牛犊,用雕刻的器具做成。他们就说:“以色列啊,这是领你出埃及地的 神!” 32:5 亚伦看见,就在牛犊面前筑坛,且宣告说:“明日要向耶和华守节。” 32:6 次日清早,百姓起来献燔祭和平安祭,就坐下吃喝,起来玩耍。 32:7 耶和华吩咐摩西说:“下去吧!因为你的百姓,就是你从埃及地领出来的,已经败坏了。 32:8 他们快快偏离了我所吩咐的道,为自己铸了一只牛犊,向它下拜献祭说:‘以色列啊,这就是领你出埃及地的 神!’” 32:9 耶和华对摩西说:“我看这百姓真是硬着颈项的百姓。 32:10 你且由着我,我要向他们发烈怒,将他们灭绝,使你的后裔成为大国。” 32:11 摩西便恳求耶和华他的 神说:“耶和华啊,你为什么向你的百姓发烈怒呢?这百姓是你用大力和大能的手从埃及地领出来的。 32:12 为什么使埃及人议论说:‘他领他们出去,是要降祸与他们,把他们杀在山中,将他们从地上除灭’?求你转意,不发你的烈怒;后悔,不降祸与你的百姓。 32:13 求你记念你的仆人亚伯拉罕、以撒、以色列,你曾指着自己起誓说:‘我必使你们的后裔像天上的星那样多,并且我所应许的这全地,必给你们的后裔,他们要永远承受为业。’” 32:14 于是耶和华后悔,不把所说的祸降与他的百姓。 32:15 摩西转身下山,手里拿着两块法版,这版是两面写的,这面那面都有字。 32:16 是 神的工作,字是 神写的,刻在版上。 32:17 约书亚一听见百姓呼喊的声音,就对摩西说:“在营里有争战的声音。” 32:18 摩西说:“这不是人打胜仗的声音,也不是人打败仗的声音,我所听见的,乃是人歌唱的声音。” 32:19 摩西挨近营前,就看见牛犊,又看见人跳舞,便发烈怒,把两块版扔在山下摔碎了, 32:20 又将他们所铸的牛犊用火焚烧,磨得粉碎,撒在水面上,叫以色列人喝。 32:21 摩西对亚伦说:“这百姓向你做了什么?你竟使他们陷在大罪里!” 32:22 亚伦说:“求我主不要发烈怒,这百姓专于作恶,是你知道的。 32:23 他们对我说:‘你为我们做神像,可以在我们前面引路,因为领我们出埃及地的那个摩西,我们不知道他遭了什么事。’ 32:24 我对他们说:‘凡有金环的,可以摘下来’,他们就给了我,我把金环扔在火中,这牛犊便出来了。” 32:25 摩西见百姓放肆(亚伦纵容他们,使他们在仇敌中间被讥刺), 32:26 就站在营门中说:“凡属耶和华的,都要到我这里来!”于是利未的子孙都到他那里聚集。 32:27 他对他们说:“耶和华以色列的 神这样说:‘你们各人把刀跨在腰间,在营中往来,从这门到那门,各人杀他的弟兄与同伴并邻舍。’” 32:28 利未的子孙照摩西的话行了。那一天,百姓中被杀的约有三千。 32:29 摩西说:“今天你们要自洁,归耶和华为圣,各人攻击他的儿子和弟兄,使耶和华赐福与你们。” 32:30 到了第二天,摩西对百姓说:“你们犯了大罪,我如今要上耶和华那里去,或者可以为你们赎罪。” 32:31 摩西回到耶和华那里说:“唉!这百姓犯了大罪,为自己做了金像。 32:32 倘或你肯赦免他们的罪……不然,求你从你所写的册上涂抹我的名。” 32:33 耶和华对摩西说:“谁得罪我,我就从我的册上涂抹谁的名。 32:34 现在你去领这百姓,往我所告诉你的地方去,我的使者必在你前面引路,只是到我追讨的日子,我必追讨他们的罪。” 32:35 耶和华杀百姓的缘故是因他们同亚伦做了牛犊。
 楼主| 发表于 2005-3-28 15:24 | 显示全部楼层

四.爆发拜偶像事件(三二~三三)

1.金牛犊(三二1~10)

  百姓因为摩西迟迟未回来,感到不耐烦。便叫亚伦来为他们作神像。亚伦依从了他们,用他们耳上的金环铸了一只金牛犊。这种行为显然是神不容许的(出二O4)。虽然他们刚刚经历那位肉眼看不见的神施行的神迹,却仍然想拜从前拜惯了的假神,把眼所能见、随意铸造出来的形像当作神。事后他们欢欣快乐,膜拜偶像,又吃又喝,放荡耍乐。他们口称敬拜耶和华(5节),不过是借着牛犊敬拜。他们离开埃及的时候(一二35~36),神曾经用金来祝福他的民,现在因为人心满有罪恶,神便化祝福为咒诅。神告知摩西山下正在发生的事(7~8节),警告要灭这百姓(9~10节)。

2.摩西的代求和忿怒(三二11~35)

  三二11~13 从摩西的答话中,可见他是圣经中一个伟大的代求人。注意他所持的论点强而有力:这些百姓是耶和华的百姓(l1~12节)。神曾用大能把他们从埃及领出来(11节)。埃及人要陷害以色列人,却无法得逞,现在神若降灾给以色列人,必为埃及人所耻笑(12节)神有必要守他与以色列祖宗所立的约(13节)

  三二14 “于是耶和华……不把所说的祸降。”(14节)根据上下文,这里的祸是指惩罚。神本来可以处罚他的百姓,因着摩西的代祷,现在却撤去惩罚,这是圣经中神慈爱的许多实例之一。他常常告诉百姓,只要他们回转,他就不会责罚他们。我们虽然应得神的惩罚,他却乐意赦免,领我们从迷途归回。我们可以求告他,得蒙他的赦罪;也可以像摩西一样,为别人代求,使人得到神的赦免。

  三二15~20 摩西拿着两块法版下山,在途中遇见约书亚;摩西接近营前的时候,百姓正在放纵私欲,膜拜偶像。摩西出于义怒,把两块版摔碎了,以见证百姓的恶行(其实在百姓的心里早已把石版摔碎了)。他又用火焚烧牛犊,磨得粉碎,撒在水面上,叫以色列人喝(24节)——这可说是指我们的罪到头来成了我们的苦杯。

  三二21~24 摩西问亚伦,百姓向他作了什么,让他使百姓陷在这种大罪中。亚他便解释事情的因由,表示金牛犊神奇地从火中出来(24节)。若不是摩西的代求,主早己杀了亚伦(申九19~20)。

  三二25~29 百姓中有人继续放肆,摩西叫忠心跟从神的人分别出来,利未支派便听从了摩西,并用刀把“不受控制”的人杀了。即使近亲也不能饶恕(25~29节)。违反律法而被杀的数目约有三千。相对而言,五旬节的则候,福音拯救了三千人。利未人忠心耿耿,无怪乎被选作祭司的族类(参看第29节)。

  三二30~35 摩西回到山上见耶和华,想为百姓赎罪(30~32节)。耶和华的回答有两方面:首先,他要惩罚作牛犊的百姓(借着瘟疫击杀他们——35节);第二,摩西领百姓往应许之地的时候,他要派他的使者在摩西前面引路。

  摩西的高尚品格在第32节中表露无遗——他甘愿为百姓死。“求你从你所写的册上涂抹我的名”其实是“了结我的生命吧”的比喻说法。神爱惜了摩西,却没有爱惜他的爱子。我们的主岂不也是为我们死,以义的代替不义的!

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发表于 2005-5-18 10:36 | 显示全部楼层
Exodus 32 The Golden Calf 1Now when the people saw that Moses (A)delayed to come down from the mountain, the people assembled about Aaron and said to him, "Come, (B)make us a god who will go before us; as for (C)this Moses, the man who brought us up from the land of Egypt, we do not know what has become of him." 2Aaron said to them, "(D)Tear off the gold rings which are in the ears of your wives, your sons, and your daughters, and bring them to me." 3Then all the people tore off the gold rings which were in their ears and brought them to Aaron. 4He took this from their hand, and fashioned it with a graving tool and made it into a (E)molten calf; and they said, "This is your god, O Israel, who brought you up from the land of Egypt." 5Now when Aaron saw this, he built an altar before it; and Aaron made a proclamation and said, "Tomorrow shall be a feast to the LORD." 6So the next day they rose early and (F)offered burnt offerings, and brought peace offerings; and (G)the people sat down to eat and to drink, and rose up (H)to play. 7Then the LORD spoke to Moses, "Go down at once, for your people, whom (I)you brought up from the land of Egypt, have (J)corrupted themselves. 8"They have quickly turned aside from the way which I commanded them. (K)They have made for themselves a molten calf, and have worshiped it and (L)have sacrificed to it and said, '(M)This is your god, O Israel, who brought you up from the land of Egypt!'" 9(N)The LORD said to Moses, "I have seen this people, and behold, they are (O)an obstinate people. 10"Now then (P)let Me alone, that My anger may burn against them and that I may destroy them; and (Q)I will make of you a great nation." Moses' Entreaty 11Then (R)Moses entreated the LORD his God, and said, "O LORD, why does Your anger burn against Your people whom You have brought out from the land of Egypt with great power and with a mighty hand? 12"Why should (S)the Egyptians speak, saying, 'With evil intent He brought them out to kill them in the mountains and to destroy them from the face of the earth'? Turn from Your burning anger and change Your mind about doing harm to Your people. 13"Remember Abraham, Isaac, and Israel, Your servants to whom You (T)swore by Yourself, and said to them, 'I will (U)multiply your descendants as the stars of the heavens, and (V)all this land of which I have spoken I will give to your descendants, and they shall inherit it forever.'" 14(W)So the LORD changed His mind about the harm which He said He would do to His people. 15(X)Then Moses turned and went down from the mountain with the two tablets of the testimony in his hand, (Y)tablets which were written on both sides; they were written on one side and the other. 16The tablets were God's work, and the writing was God's writing engraved on the tablets. 17Now when Joshua heard the sound of the people as they shouted, he said to Moses, "There is a sound of war in the camp." 18But he said, "It is not the sound of the cry of triumph, Nor is it the sound of the cry of defeat; But the sound of singing I hear." Moses' Anger 19It came about, as soon as Moses came near the camp, that (Z)he saw the calf and the dancing; and Moses' anger burned, and (AA)he threw the tablets from his hands and shattered them at the foot of the mountain. 20(AB)He took the calf which they had made and burned it with fire, and ground it to powder, and scattered it over the surface of the water and made the sons of Israel drink it. 21Then Moses said to Aaron, "What did this people do to you, that you have brought such great sin upon them?" 22Aaron said, "Do not let the anger of my lord burn; you know the people yourself, (AC)that they are prone to evil. 23"For (AD)they said to me, 'Make a god for us who will go before us; for this Moses, the man who brought us up from the land of Egypt, we do not know what has become of him.' 24"I said to them, 'Whoever has any gold, let them tear it off.' So they gave it to me, and (AE)I threw it into the fire, and out came this calf." 25Now when Moses saw that the people were out of control--for Aaron had (AF)let them get out of control to be a derision among their enemies-- 26then Moses stood in the gate of the camp, and said, "Whoever is for the LORD, come to me!" And all the sons of Levi gathered together to him. 27He said to them, "Thus says the LORD, the God of Israel, 'Every man of you put his sword upon his thigh, and go back and forth from gate to gate in the camp, and kill every man his brother, and every man his friend, and every man his neighbor.'" 28So (AG)the sons of Levi did as Moses instructed, and about three thousand men of the people fell that day. 29Then Moses said, "Dedicate yourselves today to the LORD--for every man has been against his son and against his brother--in order that He may bestow a blessing upon you today." 30On the next day Moses said to the people, "(AH)You yourselves have committed a great sin; and now I am going up to the LORD, perhaps I can (AI)make atonement for your sin." 31Then Moses returned to the LORD, and said, "Alas, this people has committed a great sin, and they have made a (AJ)god of gold for themselves. 32"But now, if You will, forgive their sin--and if not, please blot me out from Your (AK)book which You have written!" 33The LORD said to Moses, "Whoever has sinned against Me, (AL)I will blot him out of My book. 34"But go now, lead the people (AM)where I told you Behold, (AN)My angel shall go before you; nevertheless (AO)in the day when I punish, (AP)I will punish them for their sin." 35(AQ)Then the LORD smote the people, because of (AR)what they did with the calf which Aaron had made.
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