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出埃及记——第二十三章

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发表于 2005-3-19 14:07 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
出埃及记第二十三章: 23:1 不可随伙布散谣言,不可与恶人连手妄作见证。 23:2 不可随众行恶,不可在争讼的事上随众偏行,作见证屈枉正直; 23:3 也不可在争讼的事上偏护穷人。 23:4 若遇见你仇敌的牛或驴失迷了路,总要牵回来交给他。  23:5 若看见恨你人的驴压卧在重驮之下,不可走开,务要和驴主一同抬开重驮。 23:6 不可在穷人争讼的事上屈枉正直。 23:7 当远离虚假的事。不可杀无辜和有义的人,因我必不以恶人为义。 23:8 不可受贿赂,因为贿赂能叫明眼人变瞎了,又能颠倒义人的话。 23:9 不可欺压寄居的,因为你们在埃及地作过寄居的,知道寄居的心。 23:10 六年你要耕种田地,收藏土产, 23:11 只是第七年要叫地歇息,不耕不种,使你民中的穷人有吃的。他们所剩下的,野兽可以吃。你的葡萄园和橄榄园,也要照样办理。 23:12 六日你要做工,第七日要安息,使牛、驴可以歇息,并使你婢女的儿子和寄居的都可以舒畅。 23:13 凡我对你们说的话,你们要谨守。别神的名你不可提,也不可从你口中传说。 23:14 一年三次,你要向我守节。 23:15 你要守除酵节,照我所吩咐你的,在亚笔月内所定的日期,吃无酵饼七天。谁也不可空手朝见我,因为你是这月出了埃及。 23:16 又要守收割节,所收的是你田间所种、劳碌得来初熟之物。并在年底收藏,要守收藏节。 23:17 一切的男丁要一年三次朝见主耶和华。 23:18 不可将我祭牲的血和有酵的饼一同献上,也不可将我节上祭牲的脂油留到早晨。 23:19 地里首先初熟之物要送到耶和华你 神的殿。不可用山羊羔母的奶煮山羊羔。 23:20 看哪!我差遣使者在你前面,在路上保护你,领你到我所预备的地方去。 23:21 他是奉我名来的,你们要在他面前谨慎,听从他的话,不可惹他(注:“惹”或作“违背”),因为他必不赦免你们的过犯。 23:22 你若实在听从他的话,照着我一切所说的去行,我就向你的仇敌作仇敌,向你的敌人作敌人。 23:23 我的使者要在你前面行,领你到亚摩利人、赫人、比利洗人、迦南人、希未人、耶布斯人那里去,我必将他们剪除。 23:24 你不可跪拜他们的神,不可事奉他,也不可效法他们的行为,却要把神像尽行拆毁,打碎他们的柱像。 23:25 你们要事奉耶和华你们的 神,他必赐福与你的粮与你的水,也必从你们中间除去疾病。 23:26 你境内必没有坠胎的、不生产的,我要使你满了你年日的数目。 23:27 凡你所到的地方,我要使那里的众民,在你面前惊骇、扰乱,又要使你一切仇敌转背逃跑。 23:28 我要打发黄蜂飞在你前面,把希未人、迦南人、赫人撵出去。 23:29 我不在一年之内将他们从你面前撵出去,恐怕地成为荒凉,野地的兽多起来害你。  23:30 我要渐渐地将他们从你面前撵出去,等到你的人数加多,承受那地为业。 23:31 我要定你的境界,从红海直到非利士海,又从旷野直到大河。我要将那地的居民交在你手中,你要将他们从你面前撵出去。 23:32 不可和他们并他们的神立约。 23:33 他们不可住在你的地上,恐怕他们使你得罪我。你若事奉他们的神,这必成为你的网罗。”
 楼主| 发表于 2005-3-19 14:09 | 显示全部楼层

  二三1~12 在司法事务上,不可布散谣言。即使谎言不是由你发出,但如果你把它告诉别人,你就难辞其咎。所以不要传播谣言,让它就止于你处,不再流传。(参箴二六20)

  不可与恶人同谋连手妄作见证,随人行恶,或偏护穷人。我们通常以为人会偏袒富人,失去公正。但这里的经文却叫人不可偏袒穷人,而造成不平。对于贫富一视同仁,才算是不偏不倚。无论给穷人或富人特权,都有违公正,所以不要因群众的压力,影响你对某人的判断。我们要按照人人平等的原则行事,并公正地作出判断。

  “不可随众行恶”这话题醒我们,群众的意见,并不一定都是准确的。要记得!众人的声音,并不就是神的声音。群众常常是盲目的。历史上所有准备的行动,常常起始于少数孤单的人,他们确定的听见了神的声音,因而孤单的为他站住。因此,我们应当坚强的站住,慎拒随伙行事。

  不可恶意对待仇敌的牲畜。牲畜若压在重驮之下,当协助抬开重驮,使牲畜起来。人如果看见仇敌的牲畜走迷了路,也必须把它牵回,即使失主可能利用牲畜来加害自己,也要交给他。

  当向穷人施行公义,不可用恶计定罪无辜和有义的人。不可受贿赂,欺压寄居的人。

  第七年是安息年,因地不耕不种(空着),穷人可以在这年收取农作物。安息年反映原始农业的需要,这是事实,但它适合于土地,也适合于人类。第七日让主人、婢仆和牲畜安息。

  注意,虽然今天不信的批评者对神猛烈抨击,但旧约的神是慈爱公义的。

  二三13~17 犹太人不可提别神的名(偶像),除非是斥责它们,就如先知所作的那样。百姓要向耶和华守三个重大的节日:

  (1)除酵节。除酵节在逾越节之后立即开始,那是一年之初。这节说出自洁的重要,生活不可沾染邪恶。

  (2)收割节。收割节也称五旬节或七七节。这节说出将来圣灵要在五旬节当日降临,教会建立起来。

  (3)收藏节。收藏节也称住棚节。这节预示以色列人在千禧年的时候,安全居住在地上。成年男丁要参与这些节期,其它人却可以自愿参加。在新约,我们不仅看见约瑟,而且看见马利亚和孩童耶稣每年前往耶路撒冷参加逾越节(路二41)

  二三18~19 有酵的饼(酵象征罪)不可与神祭牲的血同用(即逾越节)。祭牲的脂油属于主的,因为脂油代表最好的部分;脂油不可留到早晨,也许把它烧掉。把初熟之物中最好的送到耶和华神的殿。不可用山羊羔母的奶煮山羊羔。也许这是针对拜偶像的人奉行生养的礼。今天严谨的犹太人仍拒绝在同一个锅中煮肉和奶。此外,他们吃肉的时候,也不加入奶油调味料。当中还包括肉与奶分用不同的陶器与刀具,如果可能的话,还要分用冰箱与厨柜。

7.关于征服的典章(二三20~33)

  这时神差遣使者(主自己)在以色列人前面,带领他们进入应许之地,把外邦的居民撵出去。如果犹太人不拜偶像,顺服主,主便为他们行大事。关于不顺服的劝诫,马太亨利这样写道:“我们小心行事,以免得罪我们的保护者,我们的恩主,因为我们的保护者若离开我们,这慈爱的源头若断绝了,我们便一败涂地了。”

  他们的土地从红海伸展到非利士海(地中海),并从旷野(迦南南面的尼格夫)直到大河(幼法拉底河)。注意神命令要把那地居民撵出去。那里不再有别神的约,不再有偶像,也不再有外邦人的混杂。神曾应许要剪除邪恶的迦南人,不过以色列人得与神同工。这里蕴含了重要的属灵原则:神必使我们胜过我们的仇敌(世界、肉体和魔鬼),但他期望我们用信心打一场漂亮的仗。

  第33节与哥林多后书六章14至18节相互配合。从世界分别出来总是神给他百姓的旨意。以色列人没有遵从神的吩咐,结果导致她的衰落。人很容易受生活习俗所感染,所谓“近朱者赤,近墨者黑”。今天,“近墨者黑”这话仍然真确可信。神叫以色列人要小心选择日常接触的人,以免他们的信仰与生活导致百姓偏离神。我们也活在价值观与人生观迥异的人群之中,神要我们在生活中彰显他,基督徒的生活方式与世人的标准不同,矛盾在所难免。我们的生活,应先看重“顺服神”而不是“得世人称赞与喜悦”。

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发表于 2005-5-18 10:04 | 显示全部楼层
Exodus 23 Sundry Laws 1"(A)You shall not bear a false report; do not join your hand with a wicked man to be a (B)malicious witness. 2"You shall not follow the masses in doing evil, nor shall you testify in a dispute so as to turn aside after a multitude in order to (C)pervert justice; 3(D)nor shall you be partial to a poor man in his dispute. 4"(E)If you meet your enemy's ox or his donkey wandering away, you shall surely return it to him. 5"(F)If you see the donkey of one who hates you lying helpless under its load, you shall refrain from leaving it to him, you shall surely release it with him. 6"(G)You shall not pervert the justice due to your needy brother in his dispute. 7"(H)Keep far from a false charge, and (I)do not kill the innocent or the righteous, for (J)I will not acquit the guilty. 8"(K)You shall not take a bribe, for a bribe blinds the clear-sighted and subverts the cause of the just. 9"(L)You shall not oppress a stranger, since you yourselves know the feelings of a stranger, for you also were strangers in the land of Egypt. The Sabbath and Land 10"(M)You shall sow your land for six years and gather in its yield, 11but on the seventh year you shall let it rest and lie fallow, so that the needy of your people may eat; and whatever they leave the beast of the field may eat. You are to do the same with your vineyard and your olive grove. 12"(N)Six days you are to do your work, but on the seventh day you shall cease from labor so that your ox and your donkey may rest, and the son of your female slave, as well as your stranger, may refresh themselves. 13"Now (O)concerning everything which I have said to you, be on your guard; and (P)do not mention the name of other gods, nor let them be heard from your mouth. Three National Feasts 14"(Q)Three times a year you shall celebrate a feast to Me. 15"You shall observe (R)the Feast of Unleavened Bread; for seven days you are to eat unleavened bread, as I commanded you, at the appointed time in the (S)month Abib, for in it you came out of Egypt And (T)none shall appear before Me empty-handed. 16"Also you shall observe (U)the Feast of the Harvest of the first fruits of your labors from what you sow in the field; also the Feast of the Ingathering at the end of the year (V)when you gather in the fruit of your labors from the field. 17"(W)Three times a year all your males shall appear before the Lord GOD. 18"(X)You shall not offer the blood of My sacrifice with leavened bread; (Y)nor is the fat of My feast to remain overnight until morning. 19"You shall bring (Z)the choice first fruits of your soil into the house of the LORD your God "(AA)You are not to boil a young goat in the milk of its mother. Conquest of the Land 20"Behold, I am going to send (AB)an angel before you to guard you along the way and (AC)to bring you into the place which I have prepared. 21"Be on your guard before him and obey his voice; (AD)do not be rebellious toward him, for he will not pardon your transgression, since (AE)My name is in him. 22"But if you truly obey his voice and do all that I say, then (AF)I will be an enemy to your enemies and an adversary to your adversaries. 23"(AG)For My angel will go before you and bring you in to the land of the Amorites, the Hittites, the Perizzites, the Canaanites, the Hivites and the Jebusites; and I will completely destroy them. 24"(AH)You shall not worship their gods, nor serve them, nor do according to their deeds; (AI)but you shall utterly overthrow them and break their (AJ)sacred pillars in pieces. 25"(AK)But you shall serve the LORD your God, and He will bless your bread and your water; and (AL)I will remove sickness from your midst. 26"There shall be no one miscarrying or (AM)barren in your land; (AN)I will fulfill the number of your days. 27"I will (AO)send My terror ahead of you, and (AP)throw into confusion all the people among whom you come, and I will (AQ)make all your enemies turn their backs to you. 28"I will send (AR)hornets ahead of you so that they will (AS)drive out the Hivites, the Canaanites, and the Hittites before you. 29"(AT)I will not drive them out before you in a single year, that the land may not become desolate and the beasts of the field become too numerous for you. 30"I will drive them out before you (AU)little by little, until you become fruitful and take possession of the land. 31"(AV)I will fix your boundary from the Red Sea to the sea of the Philistines, and from the wilderness to the River Euphrates; (AW)for I will deliver the inhabitants of the land into your hand, and you will (AX)drive them out before you. 32"(AY)You shall make no covenant with them (AZ)or with their gods. 33"(BA)They shall not live in your land, because they will make you sin against Me; for if you serve their gods, (BB)it will surely be a snare to you."
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