创世记——第四章

约拿

创世记第四章： 4:1 有一日，那人和他妻子夏娃同房，夏娃就怀孕，生了该隐（注：就是“得”的意思），便说：“耶和华使我得了一个男子。” 4:2 又生了该隐的兄弟亚伯。亚伯是牧羊的，该隐是种地的。 4:3 有一日，该隐拿地里的出产为供物献给耶和华； 4:4 亚伯也将他羊群中头生的和羊的脂油献上。耶和华看中了亚伯和他的供物， 4:5 只是看不中该隐和他的供物。该隐就大大地发怒，变了脸色。 4:6 耶和华对该隐说：“你为甚么发怒呢？你为甚么变了脸色呢？ 4:7 你若行得好，岂不蒙悦纳？你若行得不好，罪就伏在门前。它必恋慕你，你却要制伏它。” 4:8 该隐与他兄弟亚伯说话，二人正在田间，该隐起来打他兄弟亚伯，把他杀了。 4:9 耶和华对该隐说：“你兄弟亚伯在哪里？”他说：“我不知道！我岂是看守我兄弟的吗？” 4:10 耶和华说：“你做了甚么事呢？你兄弟的血有声音从地里向我哀告。 4:11 地开了口，从你手里接受你兄弟的血。现在你必从这地受咒诅。 4:12 你种地，地不再给你效力，你必流离飘荡在地上。” 4:13 该隐对耶和华说：“我的刑罚太重，过于我所能当的。 4:14 你如今赶逐我离开这地，以致不见你面。我必流离飘荡在地上，凡遇见我的必杀我。” 4:15 耶和华对他说：“凡杀该隐的，必遭报七倍。”耶和华就给该隐立一个记号，免得人遇见他就杀他。 4:16 于是该隐离开耶和华的面，去住在伊甸东边挪得之地。 4:17 该隐与妻子同房，他妻子就怀孕，生了以诺。该隐建造了一座城，就按著他儿子的名，将那城叫作以诺。 4:18 以诺生以拿；以拿生米户雅利；米户雅利生玛土撒利；玛土撒利生拉麦。 4:19 拉麦娶了两个妻，一个名叫亚大，一个名叫洗拉。 4:20 亚大生雅八，雅八就是住帐棚、牧养牲畜之人的祖师。 4:21 雅八的兄弟名叫犹八，他是一切弹琴吹箫之人的祖师。 4:22 洗拉又生了土八该隐，他是打造各样铜铁利器的（注：或作“是铜匠、铁匠的祖师”）。土八该隐的妹子是拿玛。 4:23 拉麦对他两个妻子说：“亚大、洗拉，听我的声音；拉麦的妻子细听我的话语：壮年人伤我，我把他杀了；少年人损我，我把他害了（注：或作“我杀壮士却伤自己；我害幼童却损本身”）。 4:24 若杀该隐，遭报七倍；杀拉麦，必遭报七十七倍。” 4:25 亚当又与妻子同房，她就生了一个儿子，起名叫塞特，意思说：　神另给我立了一个儿子代替亚伯，因为该隐杀了他。　 4:26 塞特也生了一个儿子，起名叫以挪士。那时候，人才求告耶和华的名。

约拿

三．该隐与亚伯（四）

　　四1 那人（亚当）和他妻子夏娃同房（同房原文作“知道”），与她有性关系。两性的结合是二人合而为一，完全了解对方的意思。该隐出生后，她承认惟有神的容许，该隐才诞生。夏娃给婴孩起名叫该隐（意即“获得”），大概她认为自己诞下了应许的后裔。

　　四2～6 第3节里提及的“有一日”期间，世界的人口可能已有一定的增长。必定有段时间，该隐和亚伯得到指示，罪人只可透过流血的代罪祭方可前来靠近圣洁的神。该隐拒绝这启示，用无血的生果蔬菜献与神。亚伯相信神颁布的指令，献上宰杀了的动物，显出他的信心，并得神称他为义（来一一4）他献上羊群中头生的，用意是说耶和华配得最好的。亚伯的献祭遥指神的羔羊替罪人死，除去世人的罪。

四7 该隐因嫉妒而生忿怒，初动杀念，神就向他发出爱心的警告。本节可从几方面看：

　　1、“你若行得好”（悔改）。就能从忿怒和罪咎中跳出来，重新抬起头。“你若行得不好”（继续憎恨亚伯）罪就伏在你门前，准备摧毁你。

　　2．“你若行得好”（或如七十士译本解释为“你若奉献得正确”），岂不蒙悦纳吗？行得好指的是奉献。亚伯行得好，他的献祭得神悦纳，自己却隐藏在献祭之后。该隐行得不好，因他只拿来无血的祭物，事后他的一切行为正是这次虚假敬拜的必然结果。

　　3．英文圣经修订标准本译为：“你若行得好，岂不蒙说纳吗？你若行得不好，罪就伏在门前。它必恋慕你，你却要制服它。”格连特的《数库圣经》译作：“你若行得不好，赎罪祭就伏在或躺在你门前。”’

　　四8～12 该隐之嫉妒愤恨的恶态迅速变成恶行，就杀了他兄弟。虽然亚伯死了，但他仍是我们的见证。就是信心的生命是蒙神数算的生命（来一一4）。主有慈爱，向该隐发问，但他不肯悔改，傲慢地回答主。于是主宣告该隐的审判——他不能再靠地里的出产养活自己，却要在沙漠里流离飘荡。

　　四13～16 该隐向神哭诉，反映出他自责，是因见罪的后果，而不是为罪自责。即使这样，主还平息这个流浪者对生活的恐惧。就给该隐立了一个记号保护他。该隐离开耶和华的面去了，这是极伤感的离别。

　　四 17～24 该隐娶了他的姊妹或近亲。前面提过，在创世记四章3节，期间人口有所增长；创世记五章4节特别提到亚当有儿有女。当时容许近亲通婚，也没有遗传基因的问题。初期人类的遗传基因仍然是纯洁的，所以不怕近亲结婚会带来不良的后果。

　　本段列述该隐的后裔和一系列人事之首：第一个城名叫以诺；首宗一夫多妻事件；有组织的动物饲养业、音乐和钢铁利器艺术之始；第一首主题为暴力流血的歌曲。

　　四25～26 看到这里，我们眼前一亮，敬虔的塞特后裔出现了。最终弥赛亚是由这族系生的，以挪士（意即“脆弱的”或“必死的”）出生的时候。人开始以耶和华（Jehovah）的名称呼神，或者在公开敬拜时求告耶和华的名。

地上的过客

本章要听写的英语内容是：

Genesis 4 Cain and Abel ¹ Adam ^[1] lay with his wife Eve, and she became pregnant and gave birth to Cain. ^[2] She said, "With the help of the LORD I have brought forth ^[3] a man." ² Later she gave birth to his brother Abel. Now Abel kept flocks, and Cain worked the soil. ³ In the course of time Cain brought some of the fruits of the soil as an offering to the LORD . ⁴ But Abel brought fat portions from some of the firstborn of his flock. The LORD looked with favor on Abel and his offering, ⁵ but on Cain and his offering he did not look with favor. So Cain was very angry, and his face was downcast. ⁶ Then the LORD said to Cain, "Why are you angry? Why is your face downcast? ⁷ If you do what is right, will you not be accepted? But if you do not do what is right, sin is crouching at your door; it desires to have you, but you must master it." ⁸ Now Cain said to his brother Abel, "Let's go out to the field." ^[4] And while they were in the field, Cain attacked his brother Abel and killed him. ⁹ Then the LORD said to Cain, "Where is your brother Abel?" "I don't know," he replied. "Am I my brother's keeper?" ¹⁰ The LORD said, "What have you done? Listen! Your brother's blood cries out to me from the ground. ¹¹ Now you are under a curse and driven from the ground, which opened its mouth to receive your brother's blood from your hand. ¹² When you work the ground, it will no longer yield its crops for you. You will be a restless wanderer on the earth." ¹³ Cain said to the LORD , "My punishment is more than I can bear. ¹⁴ Today you are driving me from the land, and I will be hidden from your presence; I will be a restless wanderer on the earth, and whoever finds me will kill me." ¹⁵ But the LORD said to him, "Not so ^[5] ; if anyone kills Cain, he will suffer vengeance seven times over." Then the LORD put a mark on Cain so that no one who found him would kill him. ¹⁶ So Cain went out from the LORD's presence and lived in the land of Nod, ^[6] east of Eden. ¹⁷ Cain lay with his wife, and she became pregnant and gave birth to Enoch. Cain was then building a city, and he named it after his son Enoch. ¹⁸ To Enoch was born Irad, and Irad was the father of Mehujael, and Mehujael was the father of Methushael, and Methushael was the father of Lamech. ¹⁹ Lamech married two women, one named Adah and the other Zillah. ²⁰ Adah gave birth to Jabal; he was the father of those who live in tents and raise livestock. ²¹ His brother's name was Jubal; he was the father of all who play the harp and flute. ²² Zillah also had a son, Tubal-Cain, who forged all kinds of tools out of ^[7] bronze and iron. Tubal-Cain's sister was Naamah. ²³ Lamech said to his wives, "Adah and Zillah, listen to me; wives of Lamech, hear my words. I have killed ^[8] a man for wounding me, a young man for injuring me. ²⁴ If Cain is avenged seven times, then Lamech seventy-seven times." ²⁵ Adam lay with his wife again, and she gave birth to a son and named him Seth, ^[9] saying, "God has granted me another child in place of Abel, since Cain killed him." ²⁶ Seth also had a son, and he named him Enosh. At that time men began to call on ^[10] the name of the LORD .